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Vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of cholera, a highly contagious diarrheal disease affecting millions worldwide each year. Cholera is a major public health problem, primarily in countries with poor sanitary conditions and regions affected by natural disasters, where access to safe drinking water is limited.
In this narrative review, we aim to summarize the current understanding of the evolution of virulence and pathogenesis of V. We highlight that V. Furthermore, we show that this pathogen expresses several virulence factors enabling it to efficiently colonize the human intestine and cause cholera.
A cumulative body of work also shows that V. Lastly, we reviewed the status of licensed cholera vaccines, those undergoing clinical evaluation, and recent progress in developing next-generation vaccines. This review offers a comprehensive view of V. Keywords: Vibrio cholerae , cholera toxin, cholera, diarrhea, oral vaccine, next-generation vaccines.
Cholera is an acute, watery diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae , a curved, rod-shaped, motile, Gram-negative bacterium that lives in aquatic environments.
