Among its missions are counterterrorism , hostage rescue , surveillance of national threats, protection of government officials, critical site protection such as French embassies in war-torn countries , and targeting organized crime.
Established in and becoming operational in , the GIGN was initially created as a relatively small tactical unit specialized in sensitive hostage situations, but has since grown into a larger force with expanded responsibilities and capabilities.
Many of its missions are secret, and GIGN operators are not allowed to be publicly photographed. Since its formation, the GIGN has been involved in over 1, missions and has also rescued more than hostages, making it one of the most experienced counter-terrorism units in the world.
GIGN was formed in Maisons-Alfort , near Paris, in , shortly after the Munich massacre at the Summer Olympics and other less-known incidents in France resulted in a need for dedicated counterterrorist units in Europe. On 1 September , a major reorganization took place.
It was done in order to reinforce command and control functions; provide better integration through common selection, common training and stronger support; and improve the unit's capability to handle complex situations such as mass hostage-takings similar to the Beslan school siege.
